The by 25 percent, without reducing the
The Pullman Palace Car Company manufactured railroad cars in the late 19th century.
The company had a town, and rented the houses to its employees. In 1893, the company cut wages by 25 percent, without reducing the amount of rent. The employees were outraged, which led to 150,000 people who were part of the American Railroad Association, to call for a strike at the company. They managed to get 250,000 workers to join the strike nationwide, boycotting all Pullman products. Richard Olney, the U.S. attorney general, was set on putting an end to the strike.
The federal government got an injunction in court on July 2, 1894 that ended the strike. Federal troops were also sent to enforce the court’s ruling. Riots broke out when they arrived and 26 people were killed.
Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People. 8th ed., vol. 2, McGraw Hill Education.Baseball- The game baseball was evolved from various European games that involved a bat and a ball, such as Rounders and Cricket. Different versions of the game had been seen in many parts of America in the early 1830s.
Interest in the game had grown fast by the end of the Civil War. It was being played at schoolyards and colleges all across the country. As baseball became more popular, people started to make a profit off of it. The first team to earn a salary from playing was the Cincinnati Red Stockings, which was formed in 1869. Brinkley, Alan.
The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People. 8th ed., vol. 2, McGraw Hill Education.Football- American football was pretty much a new sport in the late 1800s. It is a cross between two sports, rugby and soccer. The first college football game was played on November 6th, 1869, between Rutgers and Princeton. After this game, other universities on the east coast began to play the game.
These games were played more with the rules of rugby. But that all changed in the 1880s when Yale rugby player Walter Camp, made rule changes that transformed rugby into American Football. The rules were somewhat finalized during the Massasoit Convention.Brinkley, Alan.
The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People. 8th ed., vol. 2, McGraw Hill Education.”Pro Football Hall of Fame.” Pro Football Hall of Fame Official Site, www.profootballhof.com/football-history/birth-of-pro-football/Andrew Carnegie- Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland.
He and his family moved to America in 1848, hoping to find better economic opportunities. He went from working in a cotton factory, to being the division superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. While in the railroad business, he made numerous investments in iron and oil. He eventually entered the steel business in the 1870s. He built plants all across the country using the latest technology. Carnegie sold the company in 1901 to John Pierpont Morgan. After that he decided to help others and ended up giving away more than $350 million.
History.com Staff. “Andrew Carnegie.” History.com, A Television Networks, 2009, www.history.
com/topics/andrew-carnegie.Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People.
8th ed., vol. 2, McGraw Hill Education.John D.
Rockefeller- John D. Rockefeller was born on July 8, 1839 in Richmond, New York. He was the founder of the Standard Oil Company. He built his very first refinery near Cleveland, Ohio in 1865. He started getting new partners throughout the years, which expanded his business. In 1870 he founded Standard Oil Company and by the 1880s, it controlled around 90 percent of the U.
S’s refineries and pipelines. By buying the rival refineries and companies just starting out, the Standard Oil Company had turned into a monopoly. When he finally retired, he gave away a lot of his money to many different causes. He also helped fund the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, which is now known as Rockefeller University.”John D. Rockefeller.” Biography.
com, A&E Networks Television, 12 Sept. 2016, www.biography.com/people/john-d-rockefeller-20710159.The Homestead Strike- The Homestead Strike was against on of the most powerful corporations at that time, the Carnegie Steel Company. The Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel was a very powerful union at the time and had the support of over 3,000 non union workers. The contract that Carnegie Steel and the union had was just about to end. Carnegie was out of the country and told the operations manager to end the union before the contract expired.
He cut their wages and when they refused to accept it, he locked them out of the factory. The workers then charged into the plant which led to many being injured or killed. Adamczyk, Joseph.
“Homestead Strike.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 11 Sept. 2014, www.britannica.com/event/Homestead-Strike.
Frederick Winslow Taylor- Frederick Winslow Taylor is known as the father of scientific management. He had many jobs, but eventually started studying Mechanical Engineering at the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1883. After that, he started working at Midvale Steel Company.
Throughout the years he had around 40 patents to his name. When he retired at the age of 45, he still continued to do amazing things. He was elected President of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers and many of his ideas are still used and influence America today.
He also wrote a book called The Principles of Scientific Management, in which he describes how the scientific method can be used to improve the productivity of workers.
