RESEARCH this neurological disorder with motor immobility
RESEARCH PROPOSAL ICMR short term studentship 2018 DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY PONDICHERRY INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES NAME OF THE STUDENT: HIMALNI.PReference ID-2018-00354 2nd year MBBSPondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences NAME OF THE GUIDE: Dr. A.C. JESUDOSS PRABHAKARAN Professor Department of Pharmacology Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences NAME OF THE HOD: Dr.
ISABELLA TOPNO Professor and Head Department of pharmacology Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences ICMR STS 2018 RESEARCH PROPOSAL 1. Reference ID: 2018-00354 2.Title : Modulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission and motor function by aqueous extract of Curcumin longa in haloperidol induced catatonia in mice. 3. Introduction: The Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the common neurodegenerative disorders which can also be induced by administration of antipsychotic drugs while treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia.1 The motor disorders like dyskinesia, rigidity and tremors can also result from chronic administration of neuroleptic drugs.2 The neuroleptic drug induced neurological disorders may not be improved by the supplement of dopamine due to chronic blockade of dopamine D2 receptors by the neuroleptic drugs like phenothiazine compounds.
The hypothesis of dopamine receptor supersensitivity proposes that antipsychotic drug treatment causes hypersensitization of dopamine D2 receptors.3 There is no single laboratory model to evaluate parkinsonism and in which a proper evaluation of antiparkinsonian activity can be carried out. However, there is a positive correlation between catatonia in the laboratory animals and the extrapyramidal symptoms produced by neuroleptics in humans.4 Hence, Morpurgo described a direct method to screen the drugs affecting dopamine receptors. He induced catatonia which is a state of neurogenic motor immobility and behavioural abnormality manifestations with stupor.
5 The occurrence and irreversibility of this neurological disorder with motor immobility in neuroleptic drug induced parkinsonism has been considered as a major clinical issue in the treatment of schizophrenic patients.6 The search for new drugs is needed to avoid such side effects while treating schizophrenia. Bioactive derivatives of plants such as flavonoids, stilbenoids and alkaloids possess potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that improve the mitochondrial function and serve as cognitive enhancers.7 The aqueous extract of Curcumin longa being a herbal product has flavonoid as a bioactive derivative and it also has the tendency of passing through blood brain barrier (BBB), which may prove effective in treating drug induced PD and related neuropsychiatry disorders.
4.Objectives: The objectives of this study will be- i) to induce catatonia in mice with haloperidol. ii) to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Curcumin longa on dopaminergic neurotransmission and motor function in haloperidol induced motor dysfunction. 5.Methodology:Type of the study: Experimental animal studySample size : 30 mice, 5 groups with 6 mice in each group.
Site of study : Department of pharmacology, Pondicherry institute of medical sciences.(PIMS)Study period : June to July, 2018(2 months) Procedure: The IAEC approval will be obtained to conduct the study. It is an animal study using Swiss albino male mice. The mice from Central Animal House, PIMS will be used for this study.The aqueous extract of Curcumin longa will be procured from a competent herbal drug manufacturer with complete phytochemical constituents furnished by the manufacturer. Swiss albino male mice weighing 25 to 30 gm and of 60 to 90 days old will be used in this study. This will be maintained in plastic cages under controlled lighting conditions (12h light/12h dark regime), relative humidity(50±5%) and temperature (37±2ºC). They will be fed with pellets and ad libitum access to water.
Actophotometer and other instruments necessary in Morpurgo method can be used in the Dept of Pharmacology for this study. Haloperidol will be administered in the dosage of 1mg/kg of body weight/day/animal4 intraperitoneally for 15 days. The assessment will be done as per Morpurgo scoring method weekly after 24 hours of the last dosage (on 8th and 15th day). The 1st group of 6 mice will be treated with vehicle and rest of the groups will be treated with haloperidol.
The 3rd, 4th and 5th groups of mice will be pretreated with the aqueous extract of Curcumin longa 50mg, 100mg and 200mg/kg of body weight respectively as per the protocol listed below: GROUP 1: Control group with 6 mice will be treated only with vehicle (sterile water) for 15 days. GROUP 2: Control group with 6mice will be treated with haloperidol for 15 days. GROUP 3: Experimental group with 6 mice will be pretreated with the aqueous extract of Curcumin longa 50mg/kg of body weight /day/animal intraperitoneally for 15days.
Haloperidol will be administered 50 mins after Curcumin longa administration for 15 days. GROUP 4: Experimental group with 6 mice will be pretreated with aqueous extract of Curcumin longa 100 mg/kg of body weight/day/animal intraperitoneally for 15 days. Haloperidol will be administered 50mins after Curcumin longa administration for 15 days.
GROUP 5: Experimental group with 6 mice will be pretreated with aqueous extract of Curcumin longa 200mg/kg of body weight/day/animal intraperitoneally for 15 days. Haloperidol will be administered 50 mins after Curcumin longa administration for 15 days. The locomotor activity and catatonia scoring of control and experimental animals will be measured by using actophotometer and Morpurgo methods respectively on 8th and 15th day before drug administration. The observed data will be subjected to suitable scientific statistical analysis. Methods of statistical analysis & test applied: All the results will be expressed as mean ± SEM. Data will be analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Turkey’s multiple comparison test using SPSS 11 software.
p<0.05 will be considered as statistically significant. 6.Implications: Curcumin contains diferuloylmethane which is commonly used in food preparation and in medicines in Southeast Asia and in India. It protects substantia nigra neurons and increases striatal dopamine level in laboratory animal models of PD.8 So it has been anticipated that the neuroprotective effects of Curcumin would improve the neurobehavioural functional and other neurological disabilities as well.
Therefore the study has been decided to review its therapeutic potential systematically in mice models of catatonia to provide more comprehensive assessment of extrapyramidal effects. Further evidence is necessary to ensure the efficacy of Curcumin by well designed randomomised control clinical trials. Table 1: The severity of catatonia induced by haloperidol in mice is scored as follows: STAGE BEHAVIOUR SCORE STAGE-0 Mouse moves normally, when placed on the table. 0 STAGE-1 Mouse moves only, when touched or pushed. 0.5 STAGE-2 No movements can be seen in mouse ,even upon eliciting.
0.5 STAGE-3 Mouse placed on the table with one of the front paws raised on a 3cm block, fails to correct the posture in 10 seconds. 0.5 for one paw, therefore 0.5×2=1. STAGE-4 Mouse placed on the table with one of the front paws raised on a 9cm block fails to correct the posture. 1 for one paw = 1×2=2 7.
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