Mustafa peoples were satisfied with the current
Mustafaet, al.
(2014) Using contingent valuation Method (CVM) to Capturing Willingnessto pay and its determinants for solid waste management in region Abbottabad.Primary data were utilized in this research. The binominal logit regression was used to give the household willingness to pay for improvedenvironment through better solid waste management. The result show thateducation, income, awareness, location and household size was found to beinfluencing willingness to pay (WTP). The study demonstration that the households demand for improvedenvironmental situations over appreciating their willingness to pay for bettersolid waste management services.
The result show that follows contingentvaluation method for measuring the household’s preferences for well livingstandards. Addaiet, al. (2014). Used double-bound choice contingent valuation method to electhousehold willingness to pay (WTP) for improved Solid Waste Management inGhana. Logit regression technique use to analyses the data.
The study alsoobserved the current solid waste management system in process and householdlevel of satisfaction with them. In this study, the result shows that householdsperceived the current solid waste collection services to have some level ofinconsistencies. There are many peoples were satisfied with the current solidwaste management services.
The results show that willingness to pay (WTP) forimproved solid waste management is significant relationship between the gender,level of education, age of the household’s head and household size. It is therecommendation that the present collection workers should continue facilitycharges with the willingness to pay (WTP) levels although determined to improveservices to maintain and attention new customers. Anjum(2013), in Pakistan, utilizing logistic and multiple regression to examinationthe willingness to pay for solid waste management in Islamabad they recognizedthat willingness to pay for solid waste management is significantly affected byage, household income, education and environmental awareness. Thestratified random sampling technique was utilized to determination of samplesize of five hundred respondents. A double bounded dichotomous choice questionssurveyed by an open-ended question plan was used to prompt willingness to payand maximum willingness of the respondents. A logistic regression estimationshows that 65.
4% of the total respondents are willing to pay while multipleregression estimation exposes willingness to pay of 289.15 Rs. Which issignificantly effect by education age household income and environmental awareness.
Khattaket, al. (2013). Binomial logit model has been utilized to estimation the publicwillingness to pay (WTP) for the treatment of environmental hazard in the formof solid waste in district Peshawar.
This review based on primary data.Information gathered from 225 family unit living in 25 union council of urbanPeshawar. The outcome shows that 61 respondents out of 225, were willing to pay200 every month for eliminating of environmental hazard. similarly, 22respondents were prepared to pay 300 and 17 respondents were willing to paymore than 300 for eliminating environment hazard.
Almost 71% respondents werewilling to that the facilities might be give private sector. The study showsthat income of household, education, family disease history and size ofhousehold is a main feature which affect the household decision aboutwillingness to pay (WTP). Vitoret, al. (2013) Logistic regression model was utilized to the determinants ofwillingness to pay for solid waste management in Kumasi city Ghana. while thetobit model was utilized to evaluate the factor influencing the amount of moneythe households are willingness to pay for improved solid waste management. Thelogit model shows the result that income, age, number of children, quantity ofwaste generated, and education have significant effects on the willingness topay, while the amount of money the households are willing to pay was influencedby their income quantity of waste generated, education, house ownership, andnumber of children.
Khattakand Amin (2013) aimed at finding out the public willingness to pay (WTP) forthe treatment of environmental risk in the form of solid waste in Pakistan. Inthis study used binomial logit model. Thestudy found that income of household, family disease history, education andsize of households as major factors which affect the household’s decisionregarding willingness to pay (WTP). Alhassanand Mohammad (2013) Used Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to analysis theHouseholds Demand for Better solid waste disposal services in four communitiesin the New Juaben Municipality Ghana. In this study, the respondents wereselected by means of simple random sampling for interviewing. Probit model wereused to analyzed the binary response data.
The result show that the medianwillingness to pay for Ghana households communities 2.23 per household permonth and the mean willingness to pay for Ghana household Communities 3.67 perhousehold per month. The most important and prompting features that affectwillingness to pay are education, household size, walking time to publicdumpster, environmental study, concern of respondent, length of stay in thecurrent residence, level of satisfaction of current waste disposal and sex ofrespondent. Kumar et, al.
(2013)Community perception has an immediate bearing on viable Solid waste management.He took primary and secondary data of 400 family units to estimate communityperception, attitude and willingness towards waste management in city ofBangalore, India. The data were collectedthrough direct questionnaire administration, personal interview of the members.The results verified that 63% of families will take an interest for improvedsolid waste management (SWM) and 97.
8% defendants preferred buildup on regularagenda. While 82.5% family units favored separating solid wastes into variouscontainers Around 71% family unit will utilize those items which arerecyclable. Great level of public appointment in reduction of waste at thecause through operations in a scientific method is required.
Roy et, al. (2013)investigate the household’s willingness to pay for improved waste management inSilchar Municipal area in cachar District, Assam. Contingent valuation method was used to elicithousehold’s willingness to pay for improved solid waste management. In this study, multiple regression model toestablish the determinants of willingness to pay (WTP).
In this study, systematicsampling technique was used 378 households were selected. The results of multiple regression model to foundthat persons with the higher expenditure were willing to pay for an improvedsolid waste management. The person who are aware about solid waste managementare more willing to pay. Educated people are more willing to pay for improvedsolid waste management. Ezebilo.E.
E., (2013) Used contingent valuation Method (CVM) to Determinant thewillingness to pay for improved residential waste management in a developingcountry. The data for this study were conducted in 236 household in llorin cityin Kwara State, Nigeria.
A binary logit model was used to account for somefactors influencing the respondent’s willingness to pay. The result show thatmore than 80 % of the respondents were in support of the residential wastemanagement. The respondents are satisfied with private sector participation inprovision of waste management service positively influenced the respondent’swillingness to pay. The price, gender, household size and activities of cleanexaminers had negative influence. Outet, al.
(2012) determinant the willingness to pay for solid waste collection insemi-rural Ghana. In this study five traditional towns were selectedpurposively and 60 family heads were questioned from randomly nominated housesusing semi- structured interview guide. In this study that Logistic regressionmodel was found that respondents sex, level of education, income, expenditure,occurrence of payment, regularity of collection and satisfaction with thepresent waste management system do not have any significant influence on thewillingness of the respondents to pay for waste collection.
Afroz.etal, (2011) used contingent valuation method to estimate the willingness to payof the households to improve the waste collection system in Kuala lumper,Malaysia. This study used primary data. This study the methodology consisted ofasking people directly about their willingness to pay (WTP) for an extra wastecollection service charge to protection the costs of new waste managementproject. The result show that the household were not aware about the benefitsof recycling and waste separation. Concentrated efforts should be occupied toincrease environmental awareness of the households through education and moreadvertising about waste separation, dropping and recycling. Bangaet, al.
(2011) was used to the double bounded contingent valuation method todeterminants of household willingness to pay for an improved in solid wastecollection services in Kampala. This study based on 381 household in kampala.In this study both the decision to pay and the amount households arewillingness to pay for improved solid waste collection services are determineby income, age, education, and home ownership. The outcome shows that sociallysuitable fee which the majority of public are willingness to pay should be setto avoid the free- rider problem. Jones et, al. (2010)analysis that the social factors influencing perception and willingness to payfor a market based policy aiming on solid waste management in Mytilene city,Greece.
In this study, primary data were used. Linear regression model was usedto estimate social factor that affect public behavior in the interval ofimplementation. In this study Likert scale and open-ended questionnaire to findout that 28.5% respondents refused to pay for an economics instrument. While 65.7%of respondents are aware about the regulation of waste while recycling programare known by 75.7% of the respondents. Ababio(2010) Used Contingent valuation method to estimate the willingness to pay forimproved solid waste management in Ghana.
In this study used a stratifiedrandom sampling technique. Logit model was used to estimate a willingness topay for total of 920 households. The result show that all the variable but thehousehold size had a significant influence on respondents for willingness topay for improved solid waste management. The study harangued that with properpolicies that the misuse of this potential market can help disburden theestablishments. Total municipal budget it thus calls for policy interferencesover the use of the socio-economic features to draw complete market sectionsfor waste collection in its place of the current zoning designs whichunsuccessful take awareness of intra-zonal differences. Niringiyeet, al. (2010) Used Dichotomous choice contingent valuation method to regulateof willingness to pay for solid waste management in Kampala city. A multi stagesampling technique was working to choose the 182 households from the studyzone.
In this study used a logistic calculation model to create the features ofwillingness to pay (WTO) for solid waste management services. The result showsin this study that logistic regression estimation exposed that the age ofhouseholds had are negatively affect with the willingness to pay for improvedsolid waste management. Further variables are not significantly effect with thewillingness to pay (WTP) for improved solid waste management services. Therecommendation of this study shows that there is a slight chance of achievementif solid waste collection facilities charges are announcing.
Afroz.et,al. 2009 Utilizing the Contingent valuation method (CVM) to appraise thewillingness to pay of the respondents to improve the waste collection system inDhaka city Bangladesh. The main objective of this study to estimation howwillingness to pay (WTP) varies among defendants who received or did notreceive door to door waste collection. The result exhibits that the mean estimation of willingness to pay (WTP)for zones that got waste collection services areas was higher than forresidents of sectors that did not the difference was not statisticallysignificant. The aggregate value of willingness to pay (WTP) of the respondentsin Dhaka city was 7.6 millionTaka.
Kirunda(2009) to investigate the level of public participation in Solid WasteManagement in Kira town council. They utilized a mix of both quantitative andqualitative strategy in a research. The result shows that of the majorityproportion of the public in Kira town exhibited concern and an amount ofsensitivity about solid waste through sorting of solid waste is less adopted.The people in Kira town challenges of limited resources to manage the solidwaste and illegal dumping. Data was collected by structured from 101respondents.
Used SPSS to analysis the data. Khattak.etal, (2009) in Pakistan used contingent valuation method (CVM) to examination ofwillingness to pay for better solid waste management services in urban rangesof district Peshawar. The outcome was determining that household size income ofhousehold and higher education as important determinant for householdwillingness to pay for better solid waste management services.
Utilizing thebinomial logit model. The outcome got that 49% of the sample families werewilling to pay for better solid waste management services. 53% of respondents were found satisfied withthe current solid waste management services. Finn(2007) A Study of the household’s willingness to contribute to an improvedsolid waste management program in Kratovo Macedonia. In this survey data were collected by 300households. The outcome demonstratesthat 76% of household imagine that the present waste management services isinadequate.
The result show that large percentage of household are willing topay to an improved solid waste management program in Kratovo. As the community of Kratovo are willing tocontribution the local solid waste management service program, the localgovernment duty keep relationship between the Engineers without Borders Chapterat the University of Florida. Khorshiddoust(2004) adopted Contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the willingness topay for environmental conservation in Tabriz, Iran. The results showed thateducation, age and income were highly significant and were positively relatedwith willingness to pay. using regression analysis to find out the significanceof the selected variables. the results also showed that about 38 percent ofrespondents were willing to pay 5000 Rails per month and about 29 percentrespondents were willing to pay 1000 Rails per month for participation inenvironmental conservation projects.
Amiga(2002) Using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) toanalyze household willingness to pay for improved solid waste management inAddis Ababa. In this study 430 randomly selected households were used. TheProbit and Tobit models are used for the analysis the willingness to pay.Majority of households are not satisfied with what the metropolitan managementare doing in this zone. Most families(91.
2%) are ready to co-operate with the government in financing solid wastemanagement (SWM) in order to improve this state. The Tobit model shows that theresult that income, time spent in the area, quantity of waste generated,responsibility of solid waste management, education, house ownership, number ofchildren and age to be significant variables in explanation maximum willingnessto pay. While in the Probit model income, age, number of kids, time spent inthe range, quantity of waste generated and education have significant effect onwillingness to pay. Rogat(1998) used CVM to produce willingness to pay of people in Santiago, Chile, fora half diminishment in the level of outflows caused by the vehicle segment. TheTobit results show that willingness to pay for the reduction in emission was foundto be affected by income, education, car ownership and degree of concern aboutfuture generation.
Factors such asgender, age and whether people suffer from pollution- related diseases or nothad lesser influence on the willingness to pay amount. In this study, the totalwillingness to pay was found to be different when respondents were asked for amonthly payment and when they were asked for lump sum payment. Vredin (1997) contingentvaluation method (CVM) to analysis household’s willingness to pay for thepreservation of the Africa elephant (coxodota Africa). The results show thathousehold income and the dummy variable indicate the respondent’s preferenceabout the herd of Africa elephants to increase in the future are significant at5 percent level. Altaf &deshazo (1996) evaluated the family unit interest for improved solid wastemanagement in Gujranwala city. In this review, the issue of waste management isjust the centered around the supply side and the demand side issued is agenerally disregarded. Contingent valuation method was utilized to an elicitthe maximum monthly willingness to pay for improved solid waste managementsystem.
Multivariate ordinary least squares examination was utilized to checkthe relationship of willingness to pay with financial qualities. The outcomewas show that household expenditure, wealth, and income are significantdeterminants of willingness to pay. The study advises a different methodfounded on integrating demand side material into the development process. Mostefforts at improving presentation have focused on supply side matters such ascollection and disposal volume but have not produced significant outcomes.
