In perceived. The design of a product
Inrecent years, the physical appearance of products has a reflective consequencein the way that the products are perceived. The design of a product regulatesusers’ first impression and how they can communicate with the product. Inaddition, the design of a product will create user interpretations regardingproduct attributes (Berkowitz, 1987; Bloch, 1995; Pilditch, 1976).
The designof product will become comprehensible to someone. Users will evaluate theproduct regarding to the functional, aesthetic, symbolic or ergonomic purpose(Krippendorf 1989). According to Pye (1978), aesthetic characteristicsinfluences help the product become a long lasting and durable so that it is notquickly discarded and also can create emotional connections with users asproduct become part of their surrounding. These reason causes in the overall ofproduct appraisal. Creusen andSchoormans, (2005) suggested thatcontemporary looks of a product have a good effect on appraisal when users are inspiredto evaluate a product on its aesthetics. Product appearance can deliver valueto itself; many people tend to buy a product that looks aesthetically pleasing.
In order to represent a conceptual solution to a social need, industrialdesigners need to create and shapes product to be understood as an artificialprocess that aims to synchronize various physical design factors (Rosenman andGero, 1998). Recent trends show design has been seen as more than as a functionbut also able to determine characteristics, known as product personality, whichbring emotional pleasure to users (Govers,Hekkert and Schoormans, 2003). Designers face the difficulty to integrate a meaningin future product design. Users could have problems assessing the product andless of product appreciations while the product meaning that communicated arenot clear.
Therefore, it’s far vital to provide designers with guidelines thatmay be use at the start state of the design process or in product assessmentstudies. Emotion factors are important role as functional aspects ofproduct interaction. Emotions play a vital part in people’s lives as theyguide, enrich and enable life; provide meaning to everyday existence (Cacioppoet al., 2001, in Desmet, 2002). According to (Diener and Lucas 2000), studies have shownthat a person’s general experience of behavior is causes by their daily feltemotions. Users emotions have been an essential element of product design dissertationsince the late 1980s. Users have to accept a concept of design thatacknowledges the different aspects of product design, for example aesthetics,functional and communicative relationships among them, different productaspects play different product role.
Veryzer (1995) suggest that despite thefact that the roles are different but frequently interrelated bases ofinteraction between user and product. Oatley and Duncan (1992) stated thatdesigners might find it sensible to design for emotions that appeal usersintention. Emotional responses can stimulate users to select a particularobject from a row of similar products and will consequently have a considerableinfluence on purchase decisions. As a result, more manufacturers currentlychallenge designers to manipulate the emotional influence of their designs orto design for emotion. Perceived quality is usually controlledby multi-dimensional concepts, each measurement requires the designing ofeffective scale. According to Kumar et al., (2009), researchers recognizeperceived quality as a cognitive response of a product which influences toproduct purchase intention. Steenkamp (1990), stated that perceived quality isrefer to indirect intention among product features and user orientation, whichmeans product’s quality checks by user through some perceive quality pointsthat are different from each one.
Zeithmal, Parasuraman, and Berry (1990)suggest that user satisfaction regarding services providers influenced from theuser expectation in delivering services quality. Jacoby and Olson (1985) indicatedthat perceived quality has been acknowledged as the main driver of purchaseintention. There is the common meaning shared of the definitions as perceivedquality is the user’s perception of overall components of product both tangibleand intangible characteristics. It also includes Garvin’s eight dimensions ofquality, as a framework-conceptualizing user needs namely performance, features,reliability, conformance, durability, serviceability, and aesthetics.
Therefore, perceived quality can be defined as judgment about a product orservices as quality can be described in terms of the moment at which the user receivesinformation about the characteristics of the products. Sustainability designis not essentially about new technologies, but about reconsidering how to meetthe need for growth and decreasing negative impacts at the same moment. The ideaof sustainability is becoming progressively important all over the world by involvesincorporated approach indicators that link a community’s economy, environmentand society. According to Rahimifard (2007), new definition of three dimensionsof sustainability as development the link between economical and environmentalthrough social standards. McLennan (2004) defines sustainable design as designphilosophy that pursues to minimize negative impact to the natural environmentthrough skillful, sensitive design. Thus, there is need to make all industrialproducts and processes ‘sustainable’, and also good for human behaviors.
Aproduct’s impacts positive and negative throughout its lifecycle are largelydetermined by decisions during product development (Roozenburg and Eekels 1995,Charter and Chick 1997, Ritze?n 2000). It is imperative for designers tointegrate a sustainability perspective in methods and tools for productdevelopment at the early stage.
