Douglas stored in tables in a database.
Douglas CollegeDepartment of Computing Studies andInformation SystemFaculty of Commerceand Business AdministrationAssignment 1Harmanjot Singh (300288175)CSIS 2200-070 System Analysis and DesignInstructor : Loveleen Kaur Componentsof an Information System SystemThe system is theset of related components that generate required results or simply a bunch ofinterdependent items that interact regularly to perform a task.
HardwareInformation systems hardware is the part of an informationsystem that can be touched. Computers, keyboards, disk drives and flash drivesare all examples of information systems hardware. SoftwareThe software isthe set of instructions which tells hardware what to do.
Unlike hardware, thesoftware cannot be touched. Thereare several categories of software, with the two main categories beingoperating-system software, which makes the hardware usable, and applicationsoftware, which does something useful. DataData can bedefined as the collection of facts.
It is usually stored in tables in adatabase. Organizations collectall kinds of data and use it to make decisions. These decisions can then beanalysed as to their effectiveness and the organization can be improved. PeoplePeople are individualswho are either interested (Stakeholders) or involved (employees) in aninformation system. People are an essential component to maintain integrity ofan organization.
ProcessesThe last component of information systems is process. Aprocess is a series of steps undertaken to achieve a desired outcome or goal. Mission Critical SystemA mission critical system is a system that isessential to the survival of a business or organization. When a missioncritical system fails or is interrupted, business operations are significantlyimpacted.A mission-critical system is also known asmission essential equipment and mission critical application.For most IT businesses and organizations,database systems and process control servers are mission critical systems. Enterprise Computing Systems v/sTransaction Processing SystemsEnterpriseComputing SystemsEnterprisecomputing is a buzzword that refers to business-oriented information technologythat is critical to a company’s operations. Enterprise computing encompassesall the various types of enterprise software, including database management,relationship management and so on.
Enterprise computing is usually seen as acollection of big business software solutions to common problems such as resourcemanagement and streamlining processes. TransactionProcessing SystemsA transaction process system (TPS) is an informationprocessing system for business transactions involving the collection,modification and retrieval of all transaction data. Characteristics of a TPSinclude performance, reliability and consistency. TPS is also known astransaction processing or real-time processing.. System Development MethodsStructuredAnalysisStructured analysis is a software engineering technique thatuses graphical diagrams to develop and portray system specifications that areeasily understood by users.
These diagrams describe the steps that need tooccur and the data required to meet the design function of a particularsoftware. This type of analysis mainly focuses on logical systems andfunctions, and aims to convert business requirements into computer programs andhardware specifications. Object-Oriented AnalysisIt isa popular technical approach for analysing and designing an application,system, or business by applying object-oriented programming, as well asusing visual modelling throughout the development life cycles tofoster better stakeholder communication and product quality. OOAD in modernsoftware engineering is best conducted in an iterative and incremental way.Iteration by iteration, the outputs of OOAD activities, analysis models for OOAand design models for OOD respectively, will be refined and evolve continuouslydriven by key factors like risks and business value. AgileMethodsIt involvesbuilding and adjusting a series of prototypes as per user requirements.Generally, Spiral models, consisting of various iterations as per user’sfeedback, are used and feedback from prior steps is incorporated in eachsubsequent steps. Hence, it provides more flexibility to developers.
Use of CASE Tools in SDLC Phase of Development Uses Project Identification and Selection Diagramming and matrix tools to create and structure information. Project Initiation and Planning Repository and documentation generators to develop project plans. Analysis Diagramming to create process, logic, and data models. Logical and Physical Design Form and report generators to prototype designs; analysis and documentation generators to define specifications. Implementation Code generators and analysis, form and report generators to develop system; documentation generators to develop system and user documentation.
Maintenance All tools are used. SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis is an acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,and threats. It is a structured planning method that evaluates those fourelements of an organization, project or business venture.A SWOT analysis can be carried out for a company, product, place, industry, orperson. It involves specifying the objectives of the business venture orproject and identifying the internal and external factors that are favourableand unfavourable to achieve that objective. · Strengths: characteristics of thebusiness or project that give it an advantage over others· Weaknesses: characteristics of thebusiness that place the business or project at a disadvantage relative toothers· Opportunities: elements in theenvironment that the business or project could exploit to its advantage· Threats: elements in the environmentthat could cause trouble for the business or project SWOT Analysis of a School Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Plenty of co-curricular activities.
Enhanced reports of cyber bullying. Activate a volunteer committee for school related events. Lack of internal communication.
Highly trained teachers and staff. Staff unable to meet with parents. New programs to help students. Plumbing complications. Strong funding and financial backup. An overabundance of students. Seek out new investors and funding for programs Parent complaints.
High Graduation percentage. Poor internal communication. Ask students and parents for feedback. Cultural difference among students. Great Location Bad reviews online. Highlight new program developments.
Competition from other schools. FishboneDiagramA fishbone diagram, also called a causeand effect diagram or Ishikawa diagram, is a visualization tool forcategorizing the potential causes of a problem in order to identify its rootcauses.A fishbone diagram is useful inbrainstorming sessions to focus conversation. After the group has brainstormedall the possible causes for a problem, the facilitator helps the group to ratethe potential causes according to their level of importance and diagram ahierarchy.
An example of FishboneDiagram References· David T.Bourgeois, Ph.D., Information System for Business and Beyond https://utas.libguides.com/c.php?g=498348&p=3412839· Technopedia https://www.techopedia.com/definition/23583/mission-critical-system https://www.techopedia.com/definition/27854/enterprise-computing https://www.techopedia.com/definition/707/transaction-process-system-tps https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24637/structured-analysis · Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_analysis_and_design https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis · Course Hero, CISA 4306 https://www.coursehero.com/file/p6fg7ovn/7-Describe-how-CASE-is-used-to-support-each-phase-of-the-SDLC-Project/ · Pestle Analysis http://pestleanalysis.com/how-to-do-swot-analysis-of-your-school/ · Slide Share https://www.slideshare.net/siyara12/late-arrival-of-students-banasthai-vidyapithsanchi-saxena · Tech Target http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/fishbone-diagram · Power Point Presentations, CSE 2200-070
